Intrathecal therapy is a vital treatment method for cancer patients with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, particularly effective for leptomeningeal metastases, where cancer cells infiltrate the protective membranes of the brain and spinal …
Imfinzi (durvalumab) is an intravenous immunotherapy used primarily for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). It is administered in cycles of 14 or 28 days, with each infusion lasting about one hour, and …
Nerlynx (neratinib) is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the HER2 receptor, essential for treating HER2-positive breast cancer, especially in patients who have previously undergone trastuzumab therapy. By irreversibly inhibiting HER2 and …
Pazopanib, marketed as Votrient, is a targeted therapy used primarily for advanced kidney cancer, specifically renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It functions as a multi-kinase inhibitor, blocking tyrosine kinases that promote cancer cell growth and …
Neulasta is a pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) that helps increase white blood cell production, particularly neutrophils, to combat neutropenia caused by chemotherapy. Administered as a single subcutaneous injection of 6 mg, …
Atezolizumab, branded as Tecentriq, is an innovative immunotherapy drug primarily used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and urothelial carcinoma. It functions by inhibiting the PD-L1 protein, which allows cancer cells to evade the immune …
Low dose chemotherapy (LDC), or metronomic chemotherapy, involves administering reduced dosages of chemotherapy agents continuously, unlike traditional high-dose regimens aimed at maximizing tumor cell death. This approach minimizes severe side …
Chemotherapy is a vital treatment for cancer, especially for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for about 85% of lung cancer cases. It utilizes cytotoxic drugs to target and destroy rapidly dividing cancer cells by disrupting their …
Ceritinib, known as Zykadia, is a targeted therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is positive for the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. As a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, it blocks the ALK enzyme, crucial for cancer cell …
Retevmo (selpercatinib) is a targeted therapy approved by the FDA for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and medullary thyroid cancer with RET gene alterations. It works by inhibiting abnormal RET proteins that promote tumor growth, …
Inlyta (axitinib) is a targeted therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), classified as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that blocks vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) to inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis. Approved by …
Rydapt, or midostaurin, is an oral medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and systemic mastocytosis by inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinases, particularly FLT3, which is often mutated in AML. It enhances patient outcomes when combined …
Sunitinib, known by the brand name Sutent, is a targeted cancer therapy effective in treating advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) resistant to imatinib, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET). As a protein …
Nexavar, or sorafenib, is a targeted therapy primarily used for treating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As a multi-kinase inhibitor, it blocks receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis, …
Vitrakvi (larotrectinib) is a tumor-agnostic targeted therapy approved by the FDA in 2018 for solid tumors with abnormal NTRK gene fusions. Its effectiveness is determined by specific genetic markers rather than tumor location. The recommended dosage …
Mektovi (binimetinib) is a targeted cancer therapy primarily used for melanoma patients, functioning as a MEK inhibitor to disrupt the MAPK signaling pathway, which is vital for cancer cell growth. It is often combined with Braftovi (encorafenib) to …
Midostaurin, marketed as Rydapt, is a kinase inhibitor targeting the FLT3 mutation, crucial for treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and systemic mastocytosis. In AML, Rydapt is typically prescribed at a dosage of 50 mg twice daily, starting on day …
Gleevec, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by the FDA, plays a crucial role in treating various cancers, including Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Clinical studies show …
Augtyro, or repotrectinib, is a novel medication designed for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ROS1 gene fusions, particularly beneficial for patients whose cancer has progressed after previous therapies. It works by inhibiting …
Cabozantinib, marketed as Cabometyx, is a targeted therapy that inhibits key receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) like VEGFR, MET, and AXL, which are crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. It is indicated for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after …
Neulasta, or pegfilgrastim, is a biologic medication designed to prevent neutropenia, a common side effect of chemotherapy characterized by low neutrophil counts. By stimulating bone marrow, Neulasta enhances white blood cell production, thus …
Gilotrif, or afatinib, is a targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that specifically inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), making it effective for patients with certain genetic mutations. Classified as a tyrosine …
Mekinist, or trametinib, is a MEK inhibitor used primarily to treat advanced melanoma, especially in patients with specific BRAF mutations (V600E or V600K). Approved by the FDA in 2013, it serves as a systemic oral therapy for patients with …
Imbruvica (ibrutinib) is a targeted cancer therapy that acts as a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, primarily used to treat blood cancers like mantle cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and Waldenstrom’s …
